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Thesaban
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Thesaban (Thai: เทศบาล) are the municipalities in Thailand. There are three levels of municipalities - city, town and village. Both Bangkok and Pattaya are special municipal entities outside the thesaban system.
The municipalities take over some of the responsibilities which are assigned to the districts (Amphoe) or communes (Tambon) for the non-municipal (rural) areas.
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Thesaban nakhon (Thai: เทศบาลนคร) are usually translated as city. To qualify for city status a municipality needs to have a population of at least 50,000 and a population density of 3,000 per square kilometre.
Thesaban mueang (Thai: เทศบาลเมือง) are usually translated as town. For a municipality to qualify as a town it either needs to be a provincial capital, or have a population of at least 10,000, a population density of 3000 per km², and sufficient income to cover the tasks of a town.
Thesaban tambon (Thai: เทศบาลตำบล) are the lowest municipality level. Despite its name, it does not necessarily be the same area as a tambon, it may cover a tambon incompletely, or may also extend over parts of more than one tambon.
For an area to qualify to establish as a township, it needs a gross income of at least 5 million baht, a population of 5000, a population density of 1,500 per km², and the consensus of the population of the area.
Most of the current township municipalities were originally sanitation districts (sukhaphiban), which were all converted into township municipalities in May 1999, even though many of these did actually not meet the above qualifications.