Sources
open directory project
Help build the largest human-edited directory on the web.
Submit a site - Become an editor
Wikipedia. Licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License.
Are you an expert in this subject? Join the discussion and share your knowledge at Wikipedia.org.
Timeline of the history of Afghanistan
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected from Afghanistan timeline)
This is a timeline of the history of modern Afghanistan. To read about the background to these events, see History of Afghanistan. See also the list of leaders of Afghanistan and the list of years in Afghanistan.
This timeline is incomplete; some important events may be missing. Please help add to it.
| Year | Date | Event |
|---|---|---|
| 1709 | April 21 | Mirwais Khan Hotak, the leader of the Ghilzai Afghans and mayor of Kandahar, killed the Persian-appointed governor Gurgin Khan and declared Kandahar independent. |
| 1715 | Mirwais Khan died of natural causes. His son, Mir Mahmud Hotaki, took the throne. | |
| 1722 | The Afghan army captured the Persian capital, Isfahan. Mir Mahmud declared himself Shah of Persia. | |
| 1725 | April 22 | Mir Mahmud was murdered. His cousin Ashraf Khan succeeded him. |
| 1729 | September 29 | Battle of Damghan: A Persian warlord, Nader Shah, defeated the forces of Ashraf Khan and forced them to retreat back into Afghanistan. |
| 1747 | Nadir Shah was assassinated. His former general, Ahmad Shah Abdali, was appointed king by loya jirga. He established the Durrani Empire, an act which is considered by many historians to be the birth of the Afghan nation. |
| Year | Date | Event |
|---|---|---|
| 1809 | The Afghan king Shuja Shah Durrani signed a treaty of alliance with the United Kingdom. | |
| May 3 | Shuja was overthrown by his brother Mahmud Shah Durrani. | |
| 1826 | Dost Mohammad Khan took over the throne in Kabul, where he proclaimed himself amir. | |
| 1839 | March | First Anglo-Afghan War: A British expeditionary force captured Quetta. |
| August | First Anglo-Afghan War: Shuja was reinstated to the throne. | |
| 1841 | November | First Anglo-Afghan War: A mob killed the British envoy to Afghanistan. |
| 1842 | January | Massacre of Elphinstone's army: A retreating British force of sixteen thousand was wiped out by the Afghans. |
| 1857 | Afghanistan declared war on Persia. | |
| Afghan forces captured Herat. | ||
| 1878 | January | Second Anglo-Afghan War: Afghanistan refused a British diplomatic mission, provoking a second Anglo-Afghan war. |
| 1879 | May | Second Anglo-Afghan War: To prevent British occupation of a large part of the country, the Afghan government ceded much power to the United Kingdom in the Treaty of Grandamak. |
| 1880 | July 22 | Abdur Rahman Khan was officially recognized as amir of Afghanistan. |
| Year | Date | Event |
|---|---|---|
| 1901 | October 1 | Abdur Rahman died. His son, Habibullah Khan, became amir of Afghanistan. |
| 1919 | February 20 | Habibullah was assassinated on the initiative of his son, Amanullah Khan, who declared himself king. |
| May | Amanullah led a surprise attack against the British, beginning the third Anglo-Afghan War. | |
| August 19 | Afghan Foreign Minister Mahmud Tarzi negotiated the Treaty of Rawalpindi, which fixed the Afghan-Indian border and secured Britain's recognition of Afghan independence. | |
| 1929 | Amanullah was forced to abdicate in the face of a popular uprising. | |
| The reactionary Mohammed Nadir Shah took control of Afghanistan. | ||
| 1933 | November 8 | Nadir Shah was assassinated. His son, Mohammed Zahir Shah, was proclaimed king at the age of nineteen. |
| 1964 | A new constitution was ratified which instituted a democratic legislature. | |
| 1965 | January 1 | The Marxist People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan (PDPA) held its first congress. |
| 1978 | April 28 | Saur Revolution: Military units loyal to the PDPA assaulted the Afghan Presidential palace, killing President Mohammed Daoud Khan. |
| May 1 | Saur Revolution: The PDPA installed its leader, Nur Muhammad Taraki, as President of Afghanistan. | |
| July | A rebellion against the new Afghan government began with an uprising in Nuristan. | |
| December 5 | A treaty was signed which permitted deployment of the Soviet military at the Afghan government's request. | |
| 1979 | September 14 | Taraki was murdered by supporters of Prime Minister Hafizullah Amin. |
| December 24 | Soviet war in Afghanistan: Fearing the collapse of the Amin regime, the Soviet army invaded Afghanistan. | |
| December 27 | Operation Storm-333: Soviet troops occupied major governmental, military and media buildings in Kabul, including the Tajbeg Presidential Palace, and executed Prime Minister Amin. | |
| 1988 | April 14 | Soviet war in Afghanistan: The Soviet government signed the Geneva Accords, which included a timetable for withdrawing their armed forces. |
| 1989 | February 15 | Soviet war in Afghanistan: The last Soviet troops left the country. |
| Year | Date | Event |
|---|---|---|
| 2001 | September 11 | September 11, 2001 attacks: Members of Osama bin Laden's al-Qaeda organization, headquartered in Afghanistan, committed a series of terrorist attacks on the commercial and military centers of the United States. |
| September 20 | United States president George W. Bush demanded that the Afghan government turn over all resident al-Qaeda members to the United States and close all resident terrorist training camps. | |
| September 21 | The government refused Bush's ultimatum. | |
| October 7 | War in Afghanistan (2001–present): The United States began an aerial bombing campaign against the Taliban. | |
| 2003 | December 14 | 2003 loya jirga: A 502-delegate loya jirga was convened to consider a new Afghan constitution. |