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Tris
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Tris | |
|---|---|
 |
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| General | |
| Systematic name | 2-Amino-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol |
| Other names | TRIS, Tris, Tris base, Tris buffer, Trizma(TM), Trisamine, THAM, Tromethamine, Trometamol, Tromethane |
| Molecular formula | C4H11NO3 |
| SMILES | C(C(CO)(CO)N)O |
| Molar mass | 121.135 g/mol |
| Appearance | White crystalline powder |
| CAS number | [] |
| Properties | |
| Density and phase | ? g/l, solid (25°C) |
| Solubility in water | 67 g/100 ml (20°C) |
| Melting point | >170°C (443 K) |
| Boiling point | 219°C (492 K) |
| Acidity (pKa) | 8.3 |
| Hazards | |
| MSDS | External MSDS |
| Main hazards | Irritant |
| NFPA 704 |
0
2
0
|
| Flash point | Non-flammable |
| R/S statement | R: R36, R37, R38. S: S26, S36. |
| RTECS number | TY2900000 |
| Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25°C, 100 kPa) Infobox disclaimer and references |
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Tris is an abbreviation of the trivial name (trishydroxymethylaminomethane) for 2-amino-2-hydroxymethyl-1,3-propanediol. It is widely used as a component of buffer solutions, such as in TAE and TBE buffers used in biochemistry, with an effective pH range between 6.5 and 9.7. Tris has labile protons with a pKa of 8.30 (at 20 °C; this declines approximately 0.03 units per degree Celsius rise in temperature). Tris is often used when working with nucleic acids. Tris is an effective buffer for slightly basic solutions, which keeps DNA deprotonated and soluble in water. EDTA binds to divalent cations, particularly magnesium (Mg2+). These ions are necessary co-factors for many enzymes; Magnesium is a co-factor for many DNA-modifying enzymes.
Tris is toxic to mammalian cells, and reacts strongly with pH electrodes. It can react with primary amines.
Tris is used as an intermediate for the preparation of surface active agents, vulcanization accelerators, and pharmaceuticals, and used as a titrimetric standard.
Categories: Alcohols | Amines | Buffers