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United States Lines was a transatlantic shipping company that operated cargo services from 1921 to 1989, and ocean liners until 1969 - most famously the SS United States.

Contents 1 1920s 2 1930s 3 1940s 4 1950s-1980s 5 Ships 6 See also 7 External links

The company was formed from the tonnage of the failed United States Mail Steamship Company. It started with three ships, America (formerly Hamburg-Amerika Line's Amerika), and George Washington, both German vessels seized during World War I and kept as reparations. They made New York - Bremen runs, while Centennial State went New York to London. One of the founders was Kermit Roosevelt, a son of US President Theodore Roosevelt.

Additional ships were acquired in 1922 and renamed after various US presidents. The 52,000 ton Leviathan, formerly the Vaterland and one of the largest liners in the world, was acquired in 1923.

Throughout the 1920s the line accumulated debt, and in March 1929 the line was sold to P.W. Chapman Company, and reorganized as "United States Lines Inc." of Delaware. The stock market crash just made matters worse, and in 1931 the remaining ships were sold to "United States Lines Company" of Nevada.

In 1932, the Manhattan became the first ship actually built for the line, followed the next year by Washington. In 1940, a new America joined them.

In World War II, the ships were converted into troopships. The Manhattan became the Wakefield, the Washington, the Mount Vernon. The flagship America became the USS West Point. After the war, the company began to build smaller and cheaper ships, and operated a number of cargo ships, all named beginning with "American" or "Pioneer".

With government subsidy for her construction, the United States entered service in 1952. She was (and still is) the largest ocean liner built in the United States and the fastest ocean liner ever built. She immediately set transatlantic speed records, capturing the Blue Riband from the Queen Mary. But competition from airliners brought the glory days to an end; in 1964 America was sold to Chandris Line, and United States was withdrawn from service in 1969.

After the termination of passenger services, United States Lines survived as a container ship line until filing for bankruptcy in 1986, due to financial difficulties brought on by too rapid expansion. Service was gradually phased out between 1986 and 1989, and the company was formally liquidated in 1992.

The name was revived briefly in 2000 and 2001 as a brand name of American Classic Voyages, but in October 2001 the company filed for bankruptcy.

One of the few artifacts that the company left beind are several piers in NYC. One of the piers, on corner West 38th Street and West Side Highway, right next to the NY Waterway terminal, is now in use by the NYPD. The neon letters United States Lines are located on the west side of the pier, facing New Jersey. The letter I on the sign was working until 2002. The sign can be seen by the arriving NY Waterway ferry passengers.

• SS America (1905) - former Amerika
• SS America (1940)
• SS Leviathan - former Vaterland
• SS President Arthur
• SS President Roosevelt
• SS President Harding
• SS Rebublic
• SS Manhattan
• SS United States
• SS Washington

Kermit Roosevelt

• Maritime Matters page on USL
• Passenger Lists from the United States Lines