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Upper limb
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
In human anatomy, the upper limb (also upper extremity) refers to what in common English is known as the arm, that is, the region of the shoulder to the fingertips. It includes the entire limb, and thus, is not synonymous with the term upper arm.
The upper limb includes the following structures:
- Shoulder
- Arm (proper) - in anatomy, the region between the shoulder and the elbow
- Elbow
- Forearm
- Wrist
- Hand
Note that anatomists use the term arm to denote only the region between the shoulder and the elbow. This is in contrast to the proper English definition. Anatomists also use the term leg to refer to the region between the knee and the ankle. This, however, is the proper and traditional usage of the word, even though popular modern usage tends to include the thigh and foot in the definition.
The following bones are considered to be part of the upper limb:
- Clavicle - the only bone that directly articulates with the trunk
- Scapula
- Humerus
- Radius
- Ulna
- Carpal bones
- Metacarpals
- Phalanges
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This article does not cite any references or sources. (July 2007) Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unverifiable material may be challenged and removed. |
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| Arm |
Clavipectoral triangle • spaces (Quadrangular space, Triangular space, Triangular interval) • Axilla • Axillary sheath • Anterior axillary fold • compartment of arm (Posterior, Anterior) • intermuscular septa (Lateral, Medial) • fascia (Axillary, Brachial) |
| Forearm |
Cubital fossa (Bicipital aponeurosis) • common tendons (Extensor, Flexor) • Interosseous membrane of the forearm • compartment of forearm (Posterior, Anterior) • Carpal tunnel • fascia (Antebrachial fascia) |
| Hand |
Anatomical snuff box • reticula of the hand (Extensor, Flexor) • Finger • Extensor expansion • Palmar aponeurosis |
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| superficial | Dorsal digital • Dorsal metacarpal • Dorsal network • Palmar digital • Intercapitular • Cephalic • Median cubital • Accessory cephalic • Basilic • Median antebrachial |
| deep | Palmar metacarpal • Superficial palmar arch • Deep palmar arch • Radial • Ulnar • Brachial • Axillary |
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| Supraclavicular | dorsal scapular • suprascapular • to the subclavius • long thoracic |
| Infraclavicular: lateral cord | musculocutaneous (lateral cutaneous of forearm) • lateral pectoral • lateral head of median (anterior interosseous, palmar, common palmar digital, proper palmar digital) |
| Infraclavicular: medial cord | medial pectoral • medial cutaneous of forearm • medial cutaneous of arm • ulnar (muscular branches, dorsal branch, palmar branch, superficial branch, deep branch) • medial head of median |
| Infraclavicular: posterior cord | subscapular (upper, lower) • thoracodorsal • axillary (superior lateral cutaneous of arm) • radial (muscular, inferior lateral cutaneous of arm, posterior cutaneous of arm, posterior cutaneous of forearm, superficial branch, deep branch, posterior interosseous) |
| Other | cutaneous innervation of the upper limbs |
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| Axillary | brachial - pectoral axillary - subscapular axillary - central - apical |
| Other | supratrochlear - deltopectoral |
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