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Voiced palatal fricative
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| IPA – number | 139 |
| IPA – text | ʝ |
| IPA – image |  |
| Entity | ʝ |
| X-SAMPA | j\ |
| Kirshenbaum | C |
| Sound sample | |
|---|---|
The voiced palatal fricative is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is ʝ (crossed-tail j), and the equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is j\.
The voiced palatal fricative is a very rare sound, occurring in only seven of the 317 languages surveyed by the origical UPSID database. It is noteworthy, however, that in only two languages (Komi, Margi) does it occur along with its voiceless counterpart.
Its rarity and tendency to occur unpaired derive from the fact that the only source of a voiced palatal fricative is the rare process of fortition (strengthening) of the very common palatal approximant j.
Features of the voiced palatal fricative:
- Its manner of articulation is fricative, which means it is produced by constricting air flow through a narrow channel at the place of articulation, causing turbulence.
- Its place of articulation is palatal which means it is articulated with the middle or back part of the tongue raised against the hard palate.
- Its phonation type is voiced, which means the vocal cords are vibrating during the articulation.
- It is an oral consonant, which means air is allowed to escape through the mouth.
- It is a central consonant, which means it is produced by allowing the airstream to flow over the middle of the tongue, rather than the sides.
- The airstream mechanism is pulmonic egressive, which means it is articulated by pushing air out of the lungs and through the vocal tract, rather than from the glottis or the mouth.
- Dutch (southern accents): gaan [ʝaːn], "to go"
- Greek: γεια [ʝa], "hi, hello"
- Spanish: yeísmo [ʝe̞ˈismo̞]
- Swedish: jord , [ʝuːɖ] "soil, dirt"
| Consonants (List, table) | See also: IPA, Vowels | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| This page contains phonetic information in IPA, which may not display correctly in some browsers. [Help] Where symbols appear in pairs, the one to the right represents a voiced consonant. Shaded areas denote pulmonic articulations judged impossible. |
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