Volunteer Political Party

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The Volunteer Political Party (VPP) was a loyalist political party launched in Northern Ireland on 22 June 1974 by members of the then recently legalised Ulster Volunteer Force (UVF). The Chairman was Ken Gibson, an East Belfast UVF figure who was an ex-internee and skilled manual worker. The success of the Ulster Workers Council Strike had shown some UVF leaders the political power they held and they sought to develop this potential further. The UVF had been banned by the unionist government in 1966, but was legalised at the same time as Sinn Féin by Labour Secretary of State Merlyn Rees in April 1974 in order to encourage a political path for unionist and republican extremists.

It launched its manifesto "The Volunteer Political Party - a progressive and forward thinking unionist party" at a press conference on 27 September. Influenced by the thinking of the Northern Ireland Labour Party, it opposed internment without trial and the idea of independence for Northern Ireland and supported the idea of a more equitable distribution of resources to deprived parts of the United Kingdom. The party applied to join the United Ulster Unionist Council (UUUC) but was rebuffed, with the mainstream unionist parties wary of being linked to paramilitaries.

Ken Gibson contested the West Belfast seat, which included parts of the Shankill district, in the October 1974 UK general election. The VPP claimed to stand for the working class and an election pamphlet attacked the disgraceful social conditions on the Shankill. In the election, Gibson was supported by Glen Barr of Vanguard, Harding Smith, the leader of the West Belfast Ulster Defence Association and the independent Shankill councillor Hugh Smyth, who went on to become one of the founders of the Progressive Unionist Party. Standing against the official UUUC candidate, Johnny McQuade of the Democratic Unionist Party (DUP), they won only 2,690 votes (6%), 14% of the total unionist vote.

Because of this failure, the party was dissolved the following month by a meeting of all UVF commanders. A statement announced; "The low poll for the VPP candidate indicates that the general public does not support the political involvement of the UVF. It would therefore be fruitless to promote the Volunteer Party as a party political machine". Most of its members returned to the UVF (some of whom were later to form the Progressive Unionist Party). The UVF turned back to violence and was banned again by the British government on the 4th October 1975.

Defunct political parties in Northern Ireland

Unionist and Loyalist: Commonwealth Labour Party | Protestant Unionist Party | Ulster Constitution Party | Ulster Democratic Party | Ulster Popular Unionist Party | Ulster Progressive Unionist Association | Ulster Unionist Labour Association | Unionist Party of Northern Ireland | United Ulster Unionist Council | United Ulster Unionist Party | Vanguard Progressive Unionist Party | Volunteer Political Party
Nationalist and Republican: All Ireland Anti-Partition League | Anti-Partition of Ireland League | Federation of Labour | Irish Independence Party | National Democrats | National Party of Northern Ireland | Official Sinn Féin | People's Democracy | Red Republican Party | Saor Éire | Socialist Republican Party | Unity
Left wing#: Belfast Labour Party | Communist Party of Ireland (Marxist-Leninist) | Communist Party of Northern Ireland | Democratic Left | Independent Socialist Party | Labour Coalition | Labour Party of Northern Ireland | League for a Workers Republic | Northern Ireland Independent Labour Party | Northern Ireland Labour Party | Republican Labour Party | Socialist Labour Alliance | United Labour Party | Workers League
Ulster nationalist: British Ulster Dominion Party | Ulster Independence Movement | Ulster Independence Party | Ulster Movement for Self-Determination
Other: Northern Ireland Women's Coalition | Social Credit Party of Great Britain and Northern Ireland | Ulster Liberal Party

#Excluding those left-wing parties which were avowedly nationalist/republican or unionist/loyalist.


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