Zygapophysial joint

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Zygapophysial joint
A thoracic vertebra. (Superior labeled at top; inferior labeled at bottom.)
Median sagittal section of two lumbar vertebræ and their ligaments.
Latin articulationes zygapophysiales
MeSH zygapophyseal+joint
Dorlands/Elsevier a_64/12161688

A zygapophysial joint (zygapophyseal, or facet joint) is a synovial joint between the superior articular process of one (lower) vertebra and the inferior articular process of the adjacent (higher) vertebra. There are two facet joints in each vertebral motion segment.

The biomechanical function of each pair of facet joints is to prevent excessive torsion (twisting) of the spine, while allowing a small amount of lateral bending and flexion and extension. These functions can be disrupted by degeneration, dislocation, fracture, and/or instability of the facet joints from trauma, osteoarthritis, and/or surgery.

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Joints and ligaments of torso
Vertebral column articulations of vertebral bodies: anterior longitudinal ligament - posterior longitudinal ligament - intervertebral disc (annulus fibrosus, nucleus pulposus)

articulations of vertebral arches : ligamenta flava - supraspinous ligament (nuchal ligament) - interspinal ligament - intertransverse ligament

zygapophysial joint
Costovertebral articulation of head of rib: radiate ligament - interarticular ligament
costotransverse
Sternocostal interarticular sternocostal ligament - radiate sternocostal ligaments - costoxiphoid ligaments
interchondral, costochondral
Pelvis articulation of the vertebral column with the pelvis: iliolumbar ligament

sacroiliac: anterior sacroiliac ligament - posterior sacroiliac ligament - interosseous sacroiliac ligament

ligaments connecting the sacrum and ischium: sacrotuberous ligament - sacrospinous ligament

sacrococcygeal symphysis: anterior sacrococcygeal ligament - posterior sacrococcygeal ligament

pubic symphysis: superior pubic ligament - inferior pubic ligament
Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zygapophysial_joint"
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